The idea of Internet of Things (IoT) was first unraveled during 1999 by Kevin Ashton who is a famous British technology trailblazer. He described IoT as an advance Internet phenomena which imagines a network of connected objects chained using sensors to enable object discovery and internet for data transmission. The IoT these days is very popular and falls in the top 5 list of most discussed topics in the internet arena. In the time to come this concept would completely transform the way we are using internet currently.
What is Internet Of Things (IoT)
The thing out of IoT could be a human with a ICM (Insert-able Cardiac Monitor) implant or other life forms injected with bio-chip telemeters.
Internet of Things.
It could also be a semi-synthetic device which can acquire IP address for data transmission purpose. And IoT is the network of such objects containing embedded technology to communicate, sense or interact with their internal states or the external environment. The technology that enables communication across these devices is known as machine-to-machine or M2M. and the IoT products with M2M support are known as being smart for example advance applications like Smart Grid or Smart City. Also IPv6 networking would be the backbone of IoT solutions as it allows capabilities to allocate inexhaustible no of IP addresses for any amount of objects.
Who will benefit from it
Undoubtedly us, the people as we have limited time, attention and on top of these we are not very good at capturing data about things in the real world. If we had system that knew everything, gathers data without any help from us than we would be able to track and count everything and greatly reduce waste, loss and cost. Also if we would know when things needed replacing, repairing or recalling and whether they were fresh or past their best. All the above real-time scenarios and many more can be accomplished using IoT solutions. One of the common example of IoT is Smart Homes where Motion sensors communicate with light switches and cameras. Door locks and window sensors communicate with alarm sensors. All this happens without human intervention.
What are IoT applications/products
Some of the notable applications of IoT are-
Internet of Things definition, application and market.
Smart ParkingMonitoring of parking spaces availability in the city.
Smartphone Detection
Detect iPhone and Android devices and in general any device which works with WiFi or Bluetooth interfaces.
Traffic Congestion
Monitoring of vehicles and pedestrian levels to optimize driving and walking routes.
Forest Fire Detection
Monitoring of combustion gases and preemptive fire conditions to define alert zones.
Air Pollution
Control of CO2 emissions of factories, pollution emitted by cars and toxic gases generated in farms.
Potable water monitoring
Monitor the quality of tap water in cities.
Chemical leakage detection in rivers
Detect leakages and wastes of factories in rivers.
Water Leakages
Detection of liquid presence outside tanks and pressure variations along pipes.
What technology will be used for IoT
Different technologies will be used in different situations. Some machines will use TCP/IP and Wi-Fi. Bluetooth and cellular (3G and 4G) will also be common. For example, automobiles and their various devices and systems use cellular to communicate and that looks pretty stable. TCP/IP and Wi-Fi will probably wind up being most common for fixed location devices.
Bluetooth is being used in all kinds of IoT applications. It is especially useful with low and very
Low power products for close proximity communication. RFID (radio frequency Identification) tags and NFC (near field communication) will also continue to have a presence in the IoT.
Each of these has limitations, problem areas and unique error conditions. These are technologies that will be helpful to learn about for programmers and testers to do their jobs more effectively.
Challenges and Barriers to IoT
Several barriers, however, have the potential to slow the development of IoT. The three largest are the deployment of IPv6, power for sensors, and agreement on standards.
Deployment of IPv6
The world ran out of IPv4 addresses in February 2010. While no real impact has been seen by the general public, this situation has the potential to slow IoT’s progress since the potentially billions of new sensors will require unique IP addresses. In addition, IPv6 makes the management of networks easier due to auto configuration capabilities and offers improved security features.
Sensor energy
For IoT to reach its full potential, sensors will need to be self-sustaining. Imagine changing batteries in billions of devices deployed across the planet and even into space. Obviously, this isn’t possible. What’s needed is presence of low-powered devices, which need to function for months or years without getting any power recharge,
Standards
While much progress has been made in the area of standards, more is needed, especially in the areas of security, privacy, architecture, and communications. IEEE is just one of the organizations working to solve these challenges.
IoT Market and Future
The Internet of Things market is irrupting, and the reason of this ascend is fairly easy to understand. The electronic components like sensors, networking chips and other technology required to connect to the Internet devices ranging from light bulbs to smart watches to industrial equipment have all become inexpensive.
According to the top analyst reports, it would be the largest device market across industry. Two-thirds of consumers expect to buy connected technology for their homes by 2019, according to Accenture’s group company nearly half of them would spend on wearable technology.
IoT will add $1.7 trillion in value to world economy by 2019. This projection considers the cost of hardware, software, installation, management services, and economic value added from realized IoT efficiencies. The main benefit of growth in IoT will be increased efficiency and lower costs. No single company will win in the IoT, nor will any one app.
The growth of IoT market will also depend on the size of workforce creating value in it. While today there are just more than quarter of a million engineers contributing to the IoT, which is expected to grow up to 4.5 million by 2020, all of this is a indicator of massive market opportunity. There will be higher demand for Java, Android, CSS and JavaScript skills. Next we know for sure is that developers are fundamental to making IoT a big, profitable market, because they create the ecosystem that makes other buyers interested in buying hardware, cloud services or some other value.
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